You might think that Africa would be in the midst of a crisis. The four largest donors all cut their aid spending in Africa last year, according to initial data. America slapped some of its highest tariffs on African countries. China, the continent’s largest bilateral source of loans for most of the 21st century, today receives more from Africa in debt repayments than it extends in new credit. On top of all that, the war in Iran will increase the cost of fuel and fertiliser.

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